麻省理工学院(MIT)电机计算机系助理教授孔敬与该校材料系副教授史泰勒西在最新一期《自然纳米科技》(Nature Nanotechnology)学术杂志中,公布两人带领的研究小组最近研发出一种特殊的“纳米纸巾”,这种纸巾有抗水吸油特性,可以有效地清除水中的油污和有机污染物。
这种“纸巾”能够吸收其20倍重量的油污,而且可以回收重复使用。这项发明对清理近10年来海洋中倾覆的20万吨油污,将大有帮助。
这种“纸巾”是以交织成网的纳米电线构成,纳米电线做成的细面条状的垫子上,有许多细小的气孔,吸收液体功能良好。内层薄膜覆上防水材质,纸巾完全防水,但可有效地吸纳油质杂物。
除了应用在清理海洋污染等环保工作,纳米纸巾还可过滤和净化饮水。
孔敬说,由于是纳米电线材质,此种纸巾的制造成本低廉,并可量产。
根据报告,目前虽有可在水中吸油的类似材料,但抗水力不够强,在吸油的同时,也吸取水分,影响效果。孔敬等人研发的纳米纸巾则完全抗水,他们宣称“放在水中一、两个月后,质材仍是干的”,但水中污染物则会被纸巾吸收。
吸油过程中,废油会集中在“纸巾”内层薄膜中,在溶油高温下,很容易被清除,纸巾薄膜和取出的油料都能够回收使用。
1997年毕业于北京大学化学系的孔敬,2002年取得斯坦福大学化学博士,2004年被聘为麻省理工学院电机计算机系助理教授前,曾在国家航空暨太空总署Ames研究中心、Delft理工大学担任研究员。除了孔敬、史泰勒西,研发小组成员还有MIT电机计算机系后博士研究员袁稷康、新加坡国家大学的刘晓刚(译音)、MIT材料工程系的Ozge Akbulut、日本国家材料科学研究院的胡俊青(译音),及康乃狄克大学的Steven Suib。

Photo: Professor Jing Kong is a principal investigator in the Research Laboratory of Electronics (RLE) at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). She received the B.S in chemistry from Peking University in 1997 and the Ph.D. in chemistry from Stanford University in 2002. From 2002 to 2003, she was a research scientist at NASA Ames Research Center, and from 2003 to 2004, she was a postdoctoral researcher at Delft University. She joined the MIT faculty in 2004 in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.
Professor Kong's research interests focus on the problem of combining the synthesis and fabrication of individual carbon nanotubes, and integrating them into electrical circuits. Applications of her research include the use of carbon nanotubes as extremely sensitive chemical sensors to detect toxic gases.
Professor Kong is member of the American Chemical Society, the American Physical Society, and the Materials Research Society. She received the 2001 Foresight Distinguished Student Award in Nanotechnology in 2001, the Stanford Annual Reviews Prize in Physical Chemistry in 2002, and the MIT 3M Award in 2005.
评论 (0)